Iodine-tungsten lamp, halogen lamp,heating lamp - J78 118 189 254...

In theory and practice on the application of halogen tungsten circular principle more successful is halogen lamp and bromine tungsten lamp. Appeared the earliest tungsten halogen lamp is used iodine as a recycling agent of iodine tungsten lamp. This is because in 4 halogen element, iodine is the nature of the inert, unlike several other halogen have strong corrosion effects. Bulb filled into pure iodine, glass shell wall temperature control between 250 ~ 1200 °C, tungsten evaporates from the filament will be in the vicinity of a wall of glass shell combined into iodide and iodine tungsten. As gas convection, iodine tungsten will be spread to near filament, because the temperature can be up to above 2000 °C, less stable iodide will be here into iodine tungsten and tungsten, tungsten back filament, continue to work on the iodine is spread in the direction of glass shell again to complete the new "carry" the mission of the tungsten. To improve the efficiency of incandescent light, we must improve the filament temperature; Tungsten and filament temperature is higher, the evaporation is the faster, the tungsten filament will attenuate burn out quickly. At the same time due to the evaporation of tungsten deposits onto the blister blister black, will reduce the incandescent lamp luminous efficiency. So to make tungsten pin high luminous efficiency, must further improve the tungsten filament temperature and reduce the evaporation of the solution. If we can try to make the evaporated to return to the filament, tungsten prevent wall already so black, and can extend the life of the filament. In the bulb into pure iodine tungsten which can make the evaporated to return to the filament. Because iodine and tungsten in 250 °C ~ 250 °C temperature range is internalized synthetic iodide tungsten, tungsten iodine is not stable, above 1400 °C and decomposition for tungsten and iodine. So, if filling the iodine in the bulb, try to keep the bulb wall temperature between 250 °C -- 1200 °C, from the tungsten filament evaporation of the bubble wall and iodine form tungsten iodine molecular, and filament spreading; And near the filament temperature above 1400 °C, iodide near filament into iodine tungsten and tungsten, tungsten atoms back on filament, free iodine concentration near the filament, and spread out, such forms of iodine tungsten cycle. But due to iodine and tungsten is the combined temperature in 250 °C ~ 1200 °C, the bulb wall must be kept in this temperature range. At this temperature the long-term work of the common glass crystallization, become opaque. Due to some problem on the manufacturing process, also can't use common glass bulb. Quartz glass small thermal expansion coefficient, high melting point, better transparency under high temperature, is suitable for the blister for halogen lamp. Halogen lamp has a vertical circular tube and two. Tubular structure as shown in figure 5-19 of iodine tungsten lamp. Its shell made, high temperature resistant quartz glass tungsten filament winding into a single spiral inside, there is some tungsten ring support, lest filament prolapse. Into a vacuum inside the tubes, filled with argon gas and the right amount of pure iodine. Tubular halogen lamp, when using gradient of no more than 4 degrees, otherwise it will caused by convection iodine tungsten cycle non-uniform, and the filament. Tungsten halogen lamp due to the application of iodine cycle principle, greatly reducing the evaporation of tungsten, so its working temperature can be raised to 3000 °C, luminous efficiency is improve a lot. Compared with the ordinary incandescent lamp, lighting good iodine tungsten lamp also has small volume, light, long life, etc. Ordinary 220 volt, for example, 1000 - watt incandescent light-emitting efficiency is approximately 16 flow/tile, the average life expectancy is 1000 hours; 220 v 1000 watts halogen lamp and lighting luminous efficiency is about 21 flow/tile, the average life expectancy is 1500 hours.